Shoulder tendon injuries can occur due to trauma, overuse, or degenerative conditions and can cause your pet pain and mobility problems. Dr. David Dycus frequently treats pets affected by these injuries, and our Fusion Veterinary Orthopedics team provides information about what conditions may affect your four-legged friend’s shoulder.
Shoulder tendon injury causes in pets
Pets can sustain shoulder tendon injuries for various reasons, including:
- Trauma — Accidents, such as falls, car collisions, or rough play, can lead to acute shoulder tendon injuries.
- Overuse — Repetitive activities, such as jumping, running, or playing, can cause overuse injuries, especially in active or working pets.
- Degenerative conditions — Conditions such as osteoarthritis can lead to gradual weakening and degeneration of tendons that support the shoulder.
- Genetic predisposition — Certain breeds are more prone to tendon injuries because of their genetic makeup. For example, larger breeds, such as Labrador retrievers and German shepherds, are more susceptible.
- Age — Older pets are more likely to develop degenerative tendon issues, which can lead to injuries.
- Poor conformation — Pets with structural abnormalities in their shoulders or limbs may be at a higher risk for developing shoulder tendon injuries.
Common shoulder tendon injuries in pets
The shoulder is supported by numerous tendons, any of which can be injured. Common injuries include:
- Biceps tendonitis — Biceps tendonitis is an inflammation of the biceps brachii tendon, which can cause significant pain and lameness. This condition is often seen in active dogs, especially those involved in high-impact activities like agility or fetch.
- Bicipital tenosynovitis — Bicipital tenosynovitis involves inflammation of the tendon sheath surrounding the biceps tendon.
- Supraspinatus tendonitis — This involves inflammation of the supraspinatus tendon, which is a key component for shoulder movement. Supraspinatus tendonitis can lead to pain, swelling, and restricted range of motion.
- Supraspinatus/biceps tendinopathy – This is a chronic change from repetitive motion overtime that results in scar tissue build up in the tendons leading to pain and mobility related issues
- Infraspinatus tendon injury — Trauma or overuse can lead to infraspinatus tendon injury. Affected pets may have difficulty using the injured limb.
- Rotator cuff injuries — The rotator cuff is a group of muscles and tendons that stabilize the shoulder joint. Rotator cuff injuries, including tears and strains, can be quite painful and may limit the pet’s ability to move the limb.
- Calcific tendonitis — Calcific tendonitis is characterized by calcium deposition in the tendons that causes pain and inflammation and can severely restrict movement. This condition is most often seen in older pets.
- Subscapularis tendon injury — The subscapularis muscle and its tendon are crucial for shoulder stability and movement. Injuries to this tendon can lead to significant pain and impaired function.
Diagnosing and treating shoulder tendon injuries in pets
If you suspect your pet has a shoulder injury, schedule an appointment with Dr. David Dycus as soon as possible. Diagnosis typically involves a combination of physical examination, X-rays, ultrasound, advanced imaging (such as an MRI), and sometimes arthroscopy. Treatment options vary depending on injury severity and may include:
- Rest and immobilization — For mild injuries, rest and restricted activity allow the tendon to heal.
- Medications — Pain relievers and anti-inflammatory medications can help manage pain and reduce inflammation.
- Weight management — A healthy weight can reduce stress on your pet’s shoulder joint and aid in recovery.
- Physical rehabilitation — Rehabilitation exercises and therapies can improve mobility and strengthen the shoulder.
- Biologic therapy – Biologic therapy involves injecting platelet-rich plasma (PRP) around the tendons or in the shoulder joint to calm inflammation and promote tissue healing.
- Supportive devices — Slings or braces can provide additional support and prevent further injury during the healing process.
- Surgery — In severe cases, surgery may be necessary to repair torn tendons and stabilize the joint.
Shoulder tendon injuries in pets can be painful and debilitating, but with prompt diagnosis and appropriate treatment, many pets can recover fully and return to their normal activities. If you suspect your pet has a shoulder tendon injury, contact Fusion Veterinary Orthopedics specialist Dr. David Dycus for a thorough evaluation and tailored treatment plan.
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