Hip replacement surgery, also known as total hip replacement (THR), is a highly effective treatment option for pets affected by severe hip dysplasia, arthritis, or other debilitating hip-related conditions. Fusion Veterinary Orthopedics’ specialist Dr. David Dycus has extensive THR experience, and our team provides information about this advanced procedure.

Indications for a pet for a total hip replacement

The hip is a ball and socket joint that includes the femoral head (i.e., ball) and the acetabulum (i.e., socket) in the pelvis. THR involves removing the femoral head, reshaping the acetabulum, and inserting an artificial femoral head and acetabular cup, typically made of metal and polyethylene, to create a new, functional joint. 

THR is typically recommended for dogs with severe hip joint problems that do not respond to conservative treatments or that can’t be addressed with other surgical methods. Conditions that may warrant a THR include:

  • Hip dysplasia — Severe arthritis secondary to hip dysplasia is the most common reason pets require a THR. The hip joint develops abnormally, most commonly in large-breed dogs. 
  • Traumatic injuries — Fractures and dislocations of the bones that make up the hip joint can also lead to significant secondary arthritis and make a THR necessary.

Pets who are candidates for a total hip replacement

THR is most commonly performed in medium-, large-, and giant-breed dogs, but also in small-breed dogs and cats. The typical patient is a middle-aged to older dog who has increasing lameness caused by hip pain. Signs usually include stiffness after resting, decreased activity and interest in play, difficulty jumping on and off surfaces and navigating stairs, and muscle wasting over the affected limb. Young pets who can’t undergo optional surgical procedures, such as juvenile pubic symphysiodesis and triple pelvic osteotomy, are also THR candidates. Other factors include:

  • Hip pain — Pets who have significant hip pain that causes clinical lameness and are unresponsive to conservative treatment may be considered for THR.
  • Size — THR can be performed in dogs from 5 to 170 pounds, and also in cats.
  • Age — Pets usually need to be skeletally mature before a THR is performed. This usually occurs by 9 to 12 months of age; however, THR can be performed in dogs as young as 6 months of age.
  • Health — THR can’t be performed in pets with conditions, such as skin, ear, dental, or urinary infections. In addition, other orthopedic issues, such as cranial cruciate ligament disease or intervertebral disc, must first be addressed and resolved before a THR will be considered for that pet. 

Total hip replacement benefits for pets

THR offers several significant benefits, including:

  • Pain relief — A THR eliminates the chronic pain associated with severe hip conditions.
  • Restored mobility — After a THR, your pet will be able to walk, run, and engage in normal activities.
  • Enhanced quality of life — The procedure will allow your pet to lead a more active and comfortable life.
  • Long-term solution — THR provides a durable and effective long-term solution for severe hip problems.

Total hip replacement post-operative care for pets

Close post-THR monitoring is necessary. Dr. David Dycus will provide detailed post-operative instructions outlining your pet’s care on discharge that may include:

  • Pain management — Pain medications and anti-inflammatory drugs must be administered as directed to manage your pet’s post-surgical discomfort.
  • Restricted activity — Strict confinement is necessary for the first month after surgery, with increasing amounts of exercise allowed during the second and third months. 
  • Incision care — You must keep the surgical incisions clean and dry and monitor the site for redness, swelling, and discharge.
  • Physical therapy — Physical therapy can help restore the joint’s strength and mobility.

Total hip replacement long-term management for pets

After a THR, recommendations to prevent complications include:

  • Veterinary visits — Keep any recommended follow-up visits, so Dr. David Dycus can monitor your pet’s progress and ensure the area heals properly. 
  • Weight management — Maintaining your pet at a healthy weight is important to reduce stress on the new joint. 
  • Nutritional supplements — Dr. Dycus may recommend joint supplements, such as glucosamine and chondroitin, and omega-3 fatty acids, to promote your pet’s joint health.
  • Controlled activity — Daily low-impact exercises, such as walking and swimming, are necessary to maintain joint flexibility and muscle strength, but high-impact activities that can excessively stress the hip joint should be undertaken with caution. 

A THR can be a life-changing procedure for pets suffering from severe hip problems. If your pet has significant hip pain or mobility issues, contact our Fusion Veterinary Orthopedics team. Dr. David Dycus can determine if a THR is appropriate for your four-legged friend.